Adversidades na Infância: Associação a Fatores Protetivos e Sintomas Internalizantes na Adultez / Childhood Adversities: Association with Protective Factors and Internalizing Symptoms in Adulthood / Adversidades en la Infancia: Asociación con Factores Protectores y Síntomas Internalizantes en la Adultez

Este estudo teve por objetivo discutir relações entre adversidades na infância e sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em uma amostra de adultos brasileiros, além dos fatores proximais e distais que poderiam explicar o caminho dessa relação da infância até a idade adulta. 510 participantes com idades entre 18 e 59 anos (MD=30,64; DP=10,47) responderam a uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos, à Maltreatment and Abuse Exposure Scale, à DASS-21 e à Social Readjustment Rating Scale, por coleta online e presencial. Os resultados indicaram que ter vivenciado adversidades na infância estava associado a maiores índices dos sintomas e à ideação suicida e que a violência psicológica e emocional se mostrou mais prevalente e com maior efeito em longo prazo. Percepção de rede de apoio social e psicoterapia são fatores que podem atuar de forma positiva e eventos estressores recentes podem intensificar o prejuízo sobre a saúde mental. São discutidas as implicações na identificação e intervenção sobre as adversidades na infância e no investimento nos fatores protetivos em longo prazo. (AU)

This study aimed to discuss the relationships between childhood adversity and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in a sample of Brazilian adults, as well as the proximal and distal factors that could explain the path of this relationship from childhood to adulthood. 510 participants aged 18-59 years (M = 30.64; SD = 10.47) responded to a sociodemographic data sheet, the Maltreatment and Abuse Exposure Scale, the DASS-21 and the Social Readjustment Rating Scale. The results indicated that experiencing childhood adversities is associated with higher indexes of symptoms and suicidal ideation, and that psychological and emotional violence was more prevalent and had a greater long-term effect. Perceptions of social support network and psychotherapy are factors that can act positively and recent stressful events can intensify the damage on mental health. Implications for identifying and intervening on childhood adversities and investing in long-term protective factors are discussed. (AU)

Este estudio tuvo por objetivo discutir relaciones entre adversidades en la infancia y síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en una muestra de adultos brasileños, además de los factores proximales y distales que podrían explicar el camino de esa relación de la infancia hasta la edad adulta. 510 participantes con edades entre 18 y 59 años (M = 30,64, DE = 10,47) respondieron a una ficha de datos sociodemográficos, a la Maltreatment and Abuse Exposure Scale, a la DASS-21 y a la Social Readjustment Rating Scale, por colecta online y presencial. Los resultados indicaron que haber vivido adversidades en la infancia estaba asociado a mayores índices de los síntomas y a la ideación suicida, y que la violencia psicológica y emocional se mostró más prevalente y con mayor efecto a largo plazo. La percepción de la red de apoyo social y la psicoterapia son factores que pueden actuar de forma positiva y los acontecimientos de estrés recientes pueden intensificar el perjuicio sobre la salud mental. Se discuten las implicaciones en la identificación e intervención sobre las adversidades en la infancia y en la inversión en los factores protectores a largo plazo. (AU)

Childhood adversities and suicidal behavior in the general population. The cross-sectional PEGASUS-Murcia Project.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study is to estimate the lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts in a regional representative sample and the association of these outcomes with sociodemographic factors, prior mental disorders, and childhood adversities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The PEGASUS-Murcia project is a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of adults in Murcia that is part of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0) was administered face-to-face to 2621 participants (67.4% response rate). The main outcomes were suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts. Lifetime prevalence, age of onset, and risk factors (sociodemographic variables, mental disorders, and childhood adversities) were examined using multiple discrete-time survival models. RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation, plans and attempts were 8.0% (standard error, SE: 1.1), 2.1% (SE: 0.3), and 1.2% (SE: 1.1), respectively. Prevalence of any childhood adversities was 22.1% (SE: 1.3) in the total sample and, even higher, among those with suicide related outcomes (ranging between 36.8% and 53.7%). Female sex, younger age, prior (to onset of the outcome) lifetime prevalence of mood disorders, number of mental disorders, and exposure to childhood adversity were associated with significantly increased odds of suicidal ideation and plans. CONCLUSIONS: Lifetime prevalence estimates of suicidality are similar to those in community epidemiological surveys. Childhood adversities and mental disorders, especially mood disorders, are important risk factors for suicidality. Early detection of these adversities and disorders should be targeted in suicide prevention programs.